The intensity of Bangkok’s urban heat island during the dry season can be as high as 6–7° and in the densest areas the urban heat island’s intensity is approximately 4°C on average. Bangkok has just three square metres of green space per person which is one of the lowest levels in all of Asia.

DCU researcher Danny Marks has worked on a project looking at historical causes of Bangkok’s urban heat island, such as the lack of green space, high levels of air conditioning, and high rates of vehicle exhaust fumes. 

Numerous factors have imposed barriers to actions that would reduce heat, such as establishing green space, restructuring urban transport or creating and following an effective urban plan. 

The urban heat island also contributes to health problems, such as heat stroke and fatigue, particularly to those with lower incomes. Those who contribute to and profit the most from Bangkok’s urban heat island, such as real estate developers, shopping mall owners, and automobile corporations, suffer the least from its effects, whereas low-income communities hardly contribute to this problem, yet are the most vulnerable.